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Install and Configure the Caddy Web Server on Ubuntu 18.04

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Caddy is a fast, open-source, and security-focused web server written in Go. Caddy includes modern features such as support for virtual hosts, minification of static files, and HTTP/2. Caddy is also the first web-server that can obtain and renew SSL/TLS certificates automatically using Let’s Encrypt.

Before You Begin

  1. Familiarize yourself with our Getting Started guide and complete the steps for setting your Linode’s hostname and timezone.

  2. Complete the sections of our Securing Your Server guide to create a standard user account, harden SSH access, and remove unnecessary network services.

  3. Register (purchase) your site’s domain name and follow our DNS Manager Overview guide to point the domain to your Linode.

  4. Update your system:

    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

Install Caddy

  1. Install Caddy. This will install Caddy version 1.0.4. along with the hook.service plugin, which gives you access to a systemd unit file that you can use to manage Caddy as a systemd service. See their downloads page for more information on available Caddy versions.

    curl https://getcaddy.com | bash -s personal hook.service

    Caddy will be installed to your /usr/local/bin/caddy directory.

    Note
    To learn about Caddy licensing, please read their blog post on the topic. In 2017, commercial use of Caddy and their binaries required a license, however, they have recently updated their licensing and commercial licenses are no longer required for their use.

  2. Install Caddy as a systemd service:

    sudo caddy -service install

  3. Start the Caddy service:

    sudo systemctl start caddy

  4. Verify that the service is active:

    sudo systemctl status caddy

    You should see a similar output:

      
● caddy.service - Caddy's service
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/caddy.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-03-05 14:56:45 EST; 9s ago
 Main PID: 19505 (caddy)
    Tasks: 10 (limit: 4659)
   CGroup: /system.slice/caddy.service
           └─19505 /usr/local/bin/caddy

Mar 05 14:56:45 example_hostname systemd[1]: Started Caddy's service.
Mar 05 14:56:45 example_hostname caddy[19505]: Activating privacy features... done.
Mar 05 14:56:45 example_hostname caddy[19505]: Serving HTTP on port 2015
Mar 05 14:56:45 example_hostname caddy[19505]: http://:2015

Add Web Content

In this section, you will create the necessary directories to host your website files, set their correct permissions, and add a basic index file to your example site.

Note
Throughout this section, replace all instances of example.com with your own domain.

  1. Set up a document root for your website. A document root is the directory where your website files are stored.

    sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com

  2. Change your site’s document root to be owned by the www-data user.

    sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/example.com

  3. Create a test index page for your site. Replace example.com with your own domain.

    sudo touch /var/www/example.com/index.html

  4. Add the example html to your site’s index.

    sudo echo '<!doctype html><head><title>Caddy Test Page</title></head><body><h1>Hello, World!</h1></body></html>' | sudo tee /var/www/example.com/index.html

Configure the Caddyfile

Now that you have your website’s document root set up with example content, you are ready to configure Caddy to serve your website files to the internet. This section will create a basic Caddy configuration, which will automatically enable HTTPS using Let’s Encrypt.

  1. Create a directory to store Caddy’s configuration files:

    sudo mkdir -p /etc/caddy

  2. Update the directory’s owner to be the web server user, www-data.

    sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /etc/caddy

  3. Using the text editor of your choice, create and edit the Caddyfile to serve your example site. The Caddyfile is Caddy’s main configuration file. Replace example.com with your own domain.

    /etc/caddy/Caddyfile 
    1
2
3
4

    example.com {
    root /var/www/example.com
}

  4. Tell Caddy where to look for your Caddyfile, replace admin@example.com with your email address:

    caddy -agree -conf /etc/caddy/Caddyfile -email admin@example.com &

    Caddy will automatically serve your site over HTTPS using Let’s Encrypt.

      
Activating privacy features...
2020/03/05 13:31:25 [INFO] acme: Registering account for admin@example.com
2020/03/05 13:31:25 [INFO] [example.com] acme: Obtaining bundled SAN certificate
2020/03/05 13:31:26 [INFO] [example.com] AuthURL: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/authz-v3/3180082162
2020/03/05 13:31:26 [INFO] [example.com] acme: Could not find solver for: tls-alpn-01
2020/03/05 13:31:26 [INFO] [example.com] acme: use http-01 solver
2020/03/05 13:31:26 [INFO] [example.com] acme: Trying to solve HTTP-01
2020/03/05 13:31:26 [INFO] [example.com] Served key authentication
2020/03/05 13:31:26 [INFO] [example.com] Served key authentication
2020/03/05 13:31:26 [INFO] [example.com] Served key authentication
2020/03/05 13:31:36 [INFO] [example.com] Served key authentication
2020/03/05 13:31:40 [INFO] [example.com] The server validated our request
2020/03/05 13:31:40 [INFO] [example.com] acme: Validations succeeded; requesting certificates
2020/03/05 13:31:41 [INFO] [example.com] Server responded with a certificate.
done.

Serving HTTPS on port 443
https://example.com

Serving HTTP on port 80
http://example.com

  5. Open a web browser and visit your domain. You should see the contents of the index.htmlpage that you created in Step 4 of the Add Web Content section.

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This guide is published under a CC BY-ND 4.0 license.